{"id":475,"date":"2026-03-30T06:32:15","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T06:32:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/?p=475"},"modified":"2026-04-30T20:27:39","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T20:27:39","slug":"leccion-10-circuitos-mixtos-serie-y-paralelo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/leccion-10-circuitos-mixtos-serie-y-paralelo\/","title":{"rendered":"Lecci\u00f3n 10: Circuitos Mixtos (Serie &#8211; Paralelo)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los <strong>Circuitos Mixtos<\/strong> son la combinaci\u00f3n de componentes conectados tanto en <strong>serie<\/strong> como en <strong>paralelo<\/strong> dentro de una misma red el\u00e9ctrica. En la pr\u00e1ctica, casi todos los dispositivos electr\u00f3nicos reales (desde un controlador CNC hasta la placa base de una computadora) son circuitos mixtos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para resolverlos, el secreto no es aprender f\u00f3rmulas nuevas, sino aplicar la <strong>Ley de Ohm<\/strong> y las reglas que ya conoces de forma estructurada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"679\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_0-1024x679.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_0-1024x679.png 1024w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_0-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_0-768x510.png 768w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_0.png 1138w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Todas las resistencias son de 1K Ohms<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La estrategia fundamental para analizar un circuito mixto es la <strong>simplificaci\u00f3n sucesiva<\/strong>. El objetivo es reducir todo el complejo de resistencias a una sola <strong>Resistencia Equivalente (R_eq)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. El Concepto de &#8220;Reducci\u00f3n de Bloques&#8221;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paso A:<\/strong> Identifica los grupos de resistencias que est\u00e1n puramente en paralelo y resu\u00e9lvelos primero.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Paso B:<\/strong> Identifica las resistencias que est\u00e1n puramente en serie y s\u00famalas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"679\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_1-1024x679.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-522\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_1-1024x679.png 1024w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_1-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_1-768x510.png 768w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_1.png 1138w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Encerramos los grupos que est\u00e1n en serie y los que est\u00e1n en paralelo y se resuelven<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paso C:<\/strong> Dibuja el &#8220;circuito equivalente&#8221; tras cada simplificaci\u00f3n hasta que solo quede una fuente y una resistencia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"672\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_2-1-1024x672.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_2-1-1024x672.png 1024w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_2-1-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_2-1-768x504.png 768w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_2-1.png 1133w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Encerramos este grupo que est\u00e1 en paralelo y se resuelve.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"676\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_3-1024x676.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_3-1024x676.png 1024w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_3-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_3-768x507.png 768w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_3.png 1103w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Por \u00faltimo se encierran las dos resistencias en serie y se resuelven.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_4-1024x678.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_4-1024x678.png 1024w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_4-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_4-768x508.png 768w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_4.png 1115w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Si observas en todas las im\u00e1genes la resistencia equivalente se mantiene en cada proceso de simplificaci\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"\n  src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/simuladores\/simulador_circuito_mixto.html\"\n  width=\"100%\"\n  height=\"920\"\n  style=\"border:none; border-radius:20px; overflow:hidden;\">\n<\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Reglas de Oro en Circuitos Mixtos<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para no perderte en los c\u00e1lculos, recuerda siempre estas dos verdades f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>En las partes en SERIE:<\/strong> La <strong>Corriente (I)<\/strong> es la misma para todos los componentes de esa rama, pero el <strong>Voltaje (V)<\/strong> se divide (ca\u00edda de tensi\u00f3n).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>En las partes en PARALELO:<\/strong> El <strong>Voltaje (V)<\/strong> es el mismo para todas las ramas, pero la <strong>Corriente (I)<\/strong> se divide seg\u00fan el valor de cada resistencia.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Ejemplo Pr\u00e1ctico de Resoluci\u00f3n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"965\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_5.png 965w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_5-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_5-768x448.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 965px) 100vw, 965px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imagina un circuito con una fuente de <strong>24V<\/strong> y tres resistencias:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>R_1 (10 Ohms) est\u00e1 en serie con un bloque formado por R_2 (20 Ohms) y R_3 (20 Ohms) en paralelo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paso 1: Resolver el Paralelo (R_2 y R_3)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"939\" height=\"535\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-545\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_6.png 939w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_6-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_6-768x438.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 939px) 100vw, 939px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Como son iguales y est\u00e1n en paralelo, la resistencia de ese bloque (R_p) es la mitad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R_p = {R_2 x R_3}\/{R_2 + R_3} = 400\/40 = 10 Ohms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paso 2: Resolver la Serie Total<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"772\" height=\"439\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_7.png 772w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_7-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_7-768x437.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 772px) 100vw, 772px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ahora el circuito es simplemente R_1 en serie con nuestra nueva R_p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R_total = R_1 + R_p = 10 Ohms + 10 Ohms = 20 Ohms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paso 3: Calcular la Corriente Total (I_t)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Usamos la Ley de Ohm (I = V \/ R):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I_t = {24V}\/{20 Ohms} = 1.2 A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. An\u00e1lisis de Voltajes y Corrientes (An\u00e1lisis Inverso)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Una vez que tienes la corriente total, vuelves &#8220;atr\u00e1s&#8221; en el diagrama:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_8-1-1024x560.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_8-1-1024x560.png 1024w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_8-1-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_8-1-768x420.png 768w, https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/circuito_mixto_8-1.png 1365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Toda la corriente (1.2 A) pasa por R_1. La ca\u00edda de voltaje en R_1 es: 1.2 A x 10 Ohms = 12V.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El resto del voltaje (24V &#8211; 12V = 12V) llega al bloque en paralelo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Como R_2 y R_3 son iguales, la corriente se divide equitativamente: <strong>0.6 A<\/strong> para cada una.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 es vital para el CNC?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En una m\u00e1quina CNC, los circuitos mixtos aparecen constantemente. Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Los sensores de l\u00edmite (endstops) pueden estar en serie para seguridad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Los ventiladores de enfriamiento suelen estar en paralelo a la fuente principal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Las resistencias de pull-up en los pines l\u00f3gicos forman circuitos mixtos con los interruptores.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los Circuitos Mixtos son la combinaci\u00f3n de componentes conectados tanto en serie como en paralelo dentro de una misma red [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-unidad-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=475"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":554,"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475\/revisions\/554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cnc-mastery.com\/curso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}